Are you a new gardener or an experienced gardener who is new to gardening in Santa Fe? Here are a few hints to help you get started.
CLIMATE - Santa Fe is included in USDA Zone 5. This means that the winter temperatures can drop to -20 degrees F although it is unusual to be that cold. Many Zone 6 plants will survive in Santa Fe. The average rainfall is approximately 12 to 14 inches but is frequently less than that. July and August are the rainiest months. Different parts of town tend to get more or less rain with the foothill areas typically getting the most rain. The sun is very strong because of the altitude. Plants that are listed as liking full sun will generally do well in a situation where they get afternoon shade.
SOIL – Most gardens in Santa Fe have poor soil. Organic matter is almost non-existent. The addition of compost to the soil is an essential component in improving your soil. It will help retain moisture in sandy soil and will help break up clumps and improve drainage in clay soil. Most nurseries have good quality compost available in bags or by the truckload. Always use an organic fertilizer as opposed to those made from synthetic chemicals. Organic fertilizers will gradually help build the soil at the same time they feed your plants.
MULCH – In the southwest, mulch is critical to help retain soil moisture and moderate temperature extremes in both summer and winter. It also gives a more finished appearance to your beds. There are both organic and inorganic mulches and the type you use is mostly a personal choice of aesthetics. I usually prefer to mulch with organic matter because it will eventually break down and improve the texture of the soil. Common organic mulches include pecan shells, composted cotton burrs, shredded leaves, and pine needles. Straw is a great mulch for the vegetable garden. Common inorganic mulches are gravel and crusher fines. Some plants such as many penstemons, cacti, and succulents prefer gravel mulches. Several inches of mulch should be applied to beds taking care to not cover the crowns of the plants.
PLANTS – Perhaps the most fun part of gardening is shopping for new plants. Do patronize our local nurseries. You will be able to get a wide selection of quality plants that are well suited for the area. Even better, you can get copious amounts of free advice from experts. The big box stores may have some plants at lower prices but you won’t get any advice and the plants may not be suitable for this area. Many of the nurseries sponsor seminars on various gardening topics.
QUESTIONS OR ADVICE - The Cooperative Extension Office in Santa Fe (3229 Rodeo Road or 505-471-4711) offers free advice on numerous gardening topics. They also have many publications on gardening. You can also contact SFBG with your questions and we might address them in a future article.